Improvement in safety attachments for boilers



C. DECHAM'P. SAFETY-'ATTACHMENT'FOR BOILERS. f No. 173,395. Patented Feb.15,187e.

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.PEIEns. pno'minnoenunsn. wismuuron. o, c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

cAsIMER DEGHAMP, 0E LYoNs, FRANCE.

IMPRovEMl-:NT IN SAFETY` ATTACHMENTS FoRBouERs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 173,395, dated February 15, 1876; application filed v -f January 19, 1876.

trated in the accompanying drawings, of

which Figures I and II are partial sections, and Fig. III a partialplan view; and my device has for its object the prevention of adangerous pressure ot' steam within the boiler, as

well as the indication of the existence of any cause that would operate to produce such et'- fect.

` My inventionconsists general] y of a valve, f

A, of peculiar construction, attached to and `communicating with the boiler at its top; a

float, B, attached to a lever hinged at the upper part ot' thevinside ot' the boiler, and provided with a counterpo'ise, C; and adamper, D, with its accessories, which may be placed at any pointv ofthe drattgallerybetween-the boiler and the chimney. The valve A and float B are connected with the damper D by a steam-pipe, F, having at any convenient point thereon a small alarm-whistle, S, rigidly open, and easily sounded, so as to permit the escape of steam. The orice communicating from'the pipe F to the Whistle is made small enough to permit the pressure of steam within the pipe to rise rapidly to operate the damper after sounding the alarm, while still large enough to at once relieve the piston ot' all steam-pressure above it to enable the damper to b e at once opened after the escape of steam from the boiler shall have ceased.

The safety-valve I form, as shown in Fig. I, of a case, d, let through and firmly secured to the boiler,i and having seated within -it the double steam-valve A, the lower stem of which passes through and is guided by a plugin the lower end of the case d, while the other rises through and is guided by thelid of the case. Steam has access to the valve from the-boiler 4through various ports 0 in that part of the case within the boiler, and when the valve is raised from its seat the steam is free to pass into ytube F. The upper stem of valve Ath-at vofthe lid.

on alinepassing through the axis of this bearing-surface, press the three tempered steel teats from the two levers L M, the one L being forked, and the one M bearing between the separate arms of the one L, so that any `inequality in the weight of the levers would not operate to bind the valve-stems in their The play of the levers L M is limited by the two guides e e, so as toprevent the lower stem of the valve from leaving the plug in the bottom of the case d that guides it.

These guides e e serve as posts to which to hinge the levers L M, and also as screw-4 bolts to secure the lid to the case or steamchest d, which lid tits steam-tight with out the interposition of packing, by being block-jammed or ground to the upper flange tion of which I employ sheet metal thick enough to resist any pressure of the steam or water likely to cause it to collapse or leak, is hung upon the end of its lever P, hinged, as before mentioned, to the interior upper surface of the boiler, so that the shorter arm of the .lever will bear against' the projecting stem of the valve A, while the end of the shorter arm is provided with a counterpoise, 0, if desired, and is properly guided within the boiler to cause the lever P to play in a vertical plane.

The damper and its accessories I form-as follows: The damper proper D is a sheet-iron fw, to enable the weight ofthe damper to bev exerted always in a line coincident with the line ot' movement ot' the piston in its cylinder. This cylinder ycontains the piston which is provided with the rod w, connected by its chain m to the damper D, and the rod z connected to a chain passing over the pulley T, and having to its end the Weight W,

TheI oat B, made as light as is Y consistent. with strength, and i'orthe constructhe rods moving through the top4 and bottom heads ofthe cylinder; and it will be seen that any movement of the piston in its cylinder will have the effect of moving both the damper D and weight W. Steam is conveyed at the proper time to the cylinder y above the piston-head x by the' pipe F, and a pipe, t, from the bottom of the cylinder carries oif any drip or steam'below the piston-head.

The operation of this device is as follows: Should the pressure of steam Within the boiler reach a certain point it lifts the valve A from its seat against the Weighted levers, and permits the steam to pass into pipe F, a portion of which steam sounds the whistle, while the rest coming above the piston-head .1: neutralizes the weight W, and permits the damper D to swing to close the draft. The escape of steam through the whistle and the closing `of the damper each act as separate causes to at once reduce the pressure within the boiler, While the sounding of the whistle at once gives the alarm and continues to do so until the proper equilibrium is restored. Thereduction of the pressure within the boiler to the proper point allows the weighted levers to returnft'he valve A to its seat to shut off the llow-of steam to pipe F, and the piston-head a: thus relieved is returned to the top of its cylinder' by the weight W, and the damper D opened.'

Should the water in the boiler become low, the short arm of lever .P at once raises the valve A to sound the whistle and vstop they draft until the snfciency of Water being made` up the damper is automatically raised topermit the generation of steam.

Thus it will be seen that the dangerous pressure of steam, or the lor state of the water that might soon lead to such pressure, is at once obviated or guarded against, `while any disorder that might lead to an explosion is indicated by the whistle, or any disorder of the working parts of this device, such as the sinking of the oat, or the parting of either chains, or the breaking of either rod z or w connected thereto, is made known at once to the fireman either by the whistle or the stoppage of the draft, as in either or both events the "cause will be indicated by the water or steam gage, while no danger can existl while they are heilig obviated.

In place of weight W or of the weighted lever bearing upon the top of the valve-stem, springs may be used to oppose the necessary resistance.

In this device'no packing or stung box is needed, as the steam when once past the valve A is at liberty to escape, there being always sutlicient to sound the whistle and move the piston to lower the damper, and it is not necessary that the damper should close entirely, nor-does it always do so, as the partial closing of it diminishes the draft sufficiently to lower the steam-pressure in the boiler.

Now, having described my invention, what I claim isl. In combination with valve A and piston w, the pipe F, vhaving orifice S therein at a point between the valve A and the cylinder y, having the piston w, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with valve A, pipey F, piston m, and damper D, the -tloat B with its 'lever P, the parts being all constructed and arranged substantially in the manner and for the purpose shown and described. Lyons, France, May 23, 1874.

C. DCHAMP. Witnesses LOUIS BAormLnv, REBOUL. 

